Mechanical properties of dental materials are a measure of the resistance of a material to deformation or fracture under an applied force. They are the measured responses, both elastic (reversible on force removal) and plastic (irreversible or nonelastic), of materials under an applied forces, or pressure. Stress is the force applied per unit area, while strain the change in length per unit length. Young’s Modulus/ Modulus of Elasticity describes the relative stiffness or rigidity of a material. Resilience/Springiness is the amount of energy absorbed when stressed to proportional limit. Toughness is the amount of elastic and plastic deformation energy required to fracture a material. Ductility (% elongation) is the ability to sustain a large permanent deformation under a tensile load before it fractures. Proportional limit is the stress above which stress is no longer proportional to strain. Elastic limit (Spring back) is the maximum stress a material can withstand before it becomes plastically deformed. Yield strength or proof stress is the stress required to produce a given amount of plastic strain. Ultimate tensile strength is the stress required to fracture a material. Cold working/ Strain hardening/ Work hardening relates to the stress applied above proportional limit, where hardness and strength of metal increases but ductility decreases.
Mechanical Properties of Dental Materials irt Orthodontic Arch Wires, Stress-Strain graph explained.
Mechanical properties of dental materials are a measure of the resistance of a material to deformation or fracture under an applied force. They are the measured responses, both elastic (reversible on force removal) and plastic (irreversible or nonelastic), of materials under an applied forces, or pressure. Stress is the force applied per unit area, while strain the change in length per unit length. Young’s Modulus/ Modulus of Elasticity describes the relative stiffness or rigidity of a material. Resilience/Springiness is the amount of energy absorbed when stressed to proportional limit. Toughness is the amount of elastic and plastic deformation energy required to fracture a material. Ductility (% elongation) is the ability to sustain a large permanent deformation under a tensile load before it fractures. Proportional limit is the stress above which stress is no longer proportional to strain. Elastic limit (Spring back) is the maximum stress a material can withstand before it becomes plastically deformed. Yield strength or proof stress is the stress required to produce a given amount of plastic strain. Ultimate tensile strength is the stress required to fracture a material. Cold working/ Strain hardening/ Work hardening relates to the stress applied above proportional limit, where hardness and strength of metal increases but ductility decreases.
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